ASTM D 276-1987 纺织品中纤维的鉴定方法(AATCC方法20)
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【英文标准名称】:TestMethodsforIdentificationofFibersinTextiles(AATCCMethod20)
【原文标准名称】:纺织品中纤维的鉴定方法(AATCC方法20)
【标准号】:ASTMD276-1987
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1987
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)
【起草单位】:ASTM
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:试验;纺织纤维;纺织材料;检测;识别;纤维试验(纺织)
【英文主题词】:textilefibres;textiles;fibretesting(textiles);identification;testing;detection
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:W04
【国际标准分类号】:59_080_10
【页数】:13P;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:Safetyofunshieldedtunnelboringmachinesandrodlessshaftboringmachinesforrock
【原文标准名称】:钻岩石用无掩蔽的隧道掘进设备和无杆轴钻进设备的安全性
【标准号】:BSEN815-1996
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:1997-05-15
【实施或试行日期】:1997-05-15
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:钻探设备;使用说明;牵引属具;职业安全;人类工效学;防火安全;手册;物料搬运设备;电气安全;验证;镗床;警告装置;开挖隧道;施工设备;隧道掘进设备;危害;作标记;维修;通风;安全装置;设计;控制系统;照明标准;安全措施;采掘设备;控制装置;设备安全
【英文主题词】:Accidentprevention;Definition;Definitions;Drillingmachines;Drillingrigs;Dustguards;Ergonomics;Excavatingequipment;Fireprotection;Firesafety;Handlings;Hazards;Lists;Marking;Mechanicalengineering;Occupationalsafety;Protectionofpersons;Safety;Safetyrequirements;Shaftboringmachines;Shaftsinking;Shafts;Tunnelboringmachines;Tunnelling;Tunnellingequipment;Ventilation;Weathercontrol;Workplacesafety
【摘要】:1.1FieldofapplicationThisstandardisapplicabletounshieldedtunnelboringmachines,TBMs,androdlessshaftboringmachines,SBMs,andtheirtowedorattachedback-upequipmentfordrivingtunnelsorshaftsinrockwherethewholeareaisexcavatedinoneormorestepsbymechanicalmeans.Itspecifiesessentialsafetyrequirementsforthedesign,constructionandmaintenanceofsuchmachineswhenusedinanon-explosiveatmospheretogetherwiththemethodsofverification.Thestandardspecifiesmonitoringforhazardousatmospheres.ForTBMsandSBMswhicharetobeusedcontinuouslyinanexplosiveatmosphere,additionalrelevantstandardsalsoapply.ThisEuropeanStandarddealswithallsignificanthazardspertinenttounshieldedtunnelboringmachinesandrodlessshaftboringmachinesforrock,whentheyareusedasintendedandundertheconditionsforeseenbythemanufacturer(seeclause4).ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiestheappropriatetechnicalmeasurestoeliminateorreducerisksarisingfromthesignificanthazards.1.2DescriptionofthemachinesThegeneralterm“unshieldedtunnelboringmachines”encompassesvariouskindsofmachinesformechanicalexcavationofundergroundopeningssuchastunnelsandinclinedshafts.Thisisdoneinacontinuousprocess,withoutblasting,usingarotatingcutterhead.Dependingonthehardnessofthematerialbeingexcavated,toolsofdifferenttypesareusedtocuttherock.Normally,rollingdiscsareemployedinmediumtoveryhardrock.Alltunnelboringmachines,TBMs,androdlessshaftboringmachines,SBMs,havethetoolsmountedonacutterheadwhichrotatesunderthrustagainsttherock.Thetorquerequiredtorotatethecutterheadisdevelopedbyelectricorhydraulicmotorsandthethrustisnormallydeliveredbyhydraulicallypoweredcylinders.ThetorqueandthrustreactionscreatedbyaTBMorSBMhavetoberesistedbyanchoringthecompletemachineinsidetheboreitselfbymeansofagrippingsystemwhichisresetaftereachboringstrokeandallowsthemachinetobesteeredinthedesireddirection.TBMsnormallyoperateinaneartohorizontaldirectionbutcanalsobeusedtodriveinclinedtunnels.Whentheinclinebecomestoosteep,asecondanchoringsystemwillbeprovidedtopreventthemachinefromslidingdownwhiletheprimarygrippersarereset.InmostcasesTBMsworkthefullfaceofthetunnel.However,insomecasesthetunnelisdrivenintwoormorephases,bystartingwithapilotholewhichisenlargedinoneormoresteps.Thismethodiscalledreaming.ThemachinesusedareinprinciplethesameasaTBMdrivingthewholetunnelareainonestep.SBMscloselyresembleTBMsbutoperateinaverticaldirection.Theshaftisinmanycasessunkinamultistageoperation,thatis(i.e.),firstapilotholeisboredusingaraiseboremachineandthepilotholeisreamedbyusingtheSBM.Normallyforthismethod,theshaftbottomisalreadyundercuttoprovideadequateroomforthemuckanditsremoval.Thefullfaceoftheshaftcanalsobeboredinonestep.Inthiscasethemuckistransportedtothetopoftheshaft.TBMsandSBMsintendedforworkinunstablerockareprovidedwithequipmentfortheerectionandhandlingofrockreinforcementand/orlining.ThespecifiedrequirementsofthisstandardconformtotheEuropeanStandardsEN292-1andEN292-2.1.3HazardsThisstandarddealswithallidentifiedsignificanthazardscausedbyTBMsandSBMs,whentheyareusedundertheconditionsstatedbythemanufacturerintheoperator’shandbook.NOTEWhenTBMsandSBMsaretobeusedinexplosiveatmospherestheadditionalrelevantstandardsapply.1.4ThisEuropeanStandardappliesprimarilytomachineswhicharemanufacturedafterthedateofapprovalofthisEuropeanStandard.
【中国标准分类号】:P28
【国际标准分类号】:91_220;93_060
【页数】:28P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforWaterinFattyNitrogenCompounds
【原文标准名称】:脂族氮化合物中水的试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD2072-1992
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1992
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)
【起草单位】:ASTM
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:芳烃;试验;涂料;溶剂;氮;芳族化合物
【英文主题词】:Aromaticcompounds;Aromatichydrocarbons;Nitrogen;Paints;Solvents;Testing
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:G17
【国际标准分类号】:87_060_30
【页数】:3P;A4
【正文语种】:英语
